Bone Marrow Stem Cells Vs Embryonic

Bone marrow stem cells vs embryonic

Introduction

Abstract Background N-hexane, with its metabolite 2,5-hexanedine HDis an industrial hazardous material. Chronic hexane exposure causes segmental demyelination in the peripheral nerves, and high-dose intoxication may also affect central nervous system.

Demyelinating conditions are difficult to treat and stem cell therapy using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells BMSCs is a promising novel strategy. Our previous study found that BMSCs promoted motor function recovery in rats modeling hexane neurotoxicity. This work aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms and focused on the changes in spinal cord.

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Demyelination and remyelination of the spinal cord before and after BMSC treatment were examined microscopically. OPC differentiation was studied by immunostaining and morphometric analysis. The expressional changes of Hes1, a transcription factor negatively regulating OPC-differentiation, were studied.

Background N-hexane, an organic solvent widely used in industry, is a neurological hazardous material affecting health of millions of workers in developing countries [ 1 ]. The neurotoxic effects of n-hexane are mediated by its reactive metabolite 2,5-hexanedione HD. Chronic exposure to n-hexane primarily causes sensorimotor polyneuropathy in the peripheral nervous system PNSwith clinical presentation including muscle wasting, weakness and sensory bone marrow stem cells vs embryonic [ 234 ].

In addition, some evidences showed that hexane may also cause damage to the central nervous system CNS. Earlier studies described persistent residual spasticity and hyperactive tendon reflexes descending motor tracts and ataxia spinocerebellar tracts occurred in hexane-intoxicated patients after recovery from PNS symptoms [ 78 ]. The review by Huang CC also documented hexane-associated CNS symptoms such as cephalalgia, sleep problem and gait spasticity [ 4 ].

In experimental animals, high-dose HD intoxication was found to cause demyelination in PNS and spinal cords and has been used to study the mechanisms of HD neurotoxicity and evaluate the therapeutical potential of various reagents for demyelinating conditions [ 9 ]. Myelination of nerve fibers comprises multiple oligodendrocytes OLsas myelin sheaths, segmentally wrapping around an axon. Appropriate myelination permits accelerated conduction of electrical impulses, whereas loss of myelin sheaths loss of oligodendrocytes, i.

Moreover, various studies have shown that persistent demyelination may result in axonal damage and neuron degeneration [ 1011 ]. Indeed, therapeutical approach promoting timely recovery of damaged myelin sheath is an urgent medical need for many neurological disorders, but to the best of our knowledge, progression has been limited. Stem cell therapy using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells BMSCs is a promising therapeutical advance in the recent decade.

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Several studies have shown that BMSCs might exert certain functions on the oligodendrocyte precursor cells OPCsthe progenitor cells of mature oligodendrocytes OLsand promote their enrichment to the sites of injury, differentiation and remyelination of the damaged nerve fibers [ 121314 ]. For example, in vitro co-culture of OPCs with BMSCs has been found to preferentially drive the differentiation of OPCs into oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial fate rather than the astrocytes astroglial fate [ 1516 ]. In a streptozotocin STZ -treated rat model of diabetes-induced sciatic nerve demyelination, injection of BMSCs bone marrow stem cells vs embryonic hind limb was found to promote remyelination [ 17 ]. In another rat model of cuprizone-induced demyelination, BMSCs transplantation was found to target on oligodendrocyte progenitors and promote remyelination [ 18 ].

Existing publications have suggested that Notch signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the maintenance, proliferation and differentiation of OPCs [ 1920 ]. Deletion of Notch1 gene has been found to enhance oligodendrocyte differentiation and encourage remyelination click the following article cuprizone-induced injury [ 21 ]. Hes1 is the main effector of Notch signaling pathway.

It has been reported that Hes1 negatively regulates OPCs differentiation [ 22 ]. However, another study by Mathieu et al.

Hence, the exact role of Notch and Hes1 signaling in the process of remyelination necessitates further clarification. In the present study, we modeled HD-induced neurotoxicity in adult rats, administrated BMSCs via tail vein injection and intensively analyzed the demyelination and remyelination changes in spinal cord.]

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Mcclain V Octagon Plaza Facts Issue Rules	1 day ago · Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by selective degeneration of both upper motor neurons (MNs) in the motor cortex, and lower motor neurons in . 2 hours ago · In this study, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) from host rats were transduced with an adenoviral vector labelled with . Jul 30, · We used bone marrow as primary source of stem cells in 18 patients, and peripheral blood stem cells in remaining 30 patients. The five years overall survival was 52% and the 5 years disease progression free survival were 42%.

Bone marrow stem cells vs embryonic - speaking

Mesenchymal stem cells Abstract Hepatocirrhosis is one of the most severe complications of chronic hepatic disease in terms of medical intervention, and the available therapies are limited and not very successful. The therapeutic effect of these modified stem cells HGF-BM-MSC group transplanted intravenously into hepatocirrhosis model rats treated with CCl4 was evaluated using serological, biochemical and histological approaches. Download PDF Introduction Cirrhosis is a common hepatic disease that can be caused by chemical injury or viral infection in the liver. Pathologically, this disease is characterised by chronic and progressive hepatocyte degeneration and excessive fibrosis, which may lead to severe clinical outcomes, such as ascites, variceal haemorrhage and encephalopathy 1 , 2 , 3. Currently, the most effective treatment for hepatic cirrhosis is liver transplantation, but its clinical application is limited due to the shortage of donor material, the requirement of expert technical support, and high-hospital costs. Stem cell therapy may offer a new hope for the treatment of many chronic degenerative diseases. bone marrow stem cells vs embryonic.

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Lv1, B. Liu2, H. Wang3 and L. MSCs were treated with different concentrations of TGFb1 for 72 h, and then morphological characteristics, surface antigens and mRNA expression of several transcription factors were assessed. MSCs were initially spindle-shaped with irregular processes. On day 28 after TGF-b1 treatment, MSCs showed fusiform shape, orientating parallel with one another, and were connected with adjoining cells forming myotube-like structures. Bone marrow stem cells vs embryonic